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#_______________________________________________________________________________
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# This is a general purpose makefile for use with Arduino (arduino.cc)
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# hardware and software. It works with the arduino-1.0 release and
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# requires that to be downloaded separately.
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# There are two ways to use this file, an automatic mode and a manual
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# mode. In automatic mode, you simply copy this makefile to your
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# arduino project directory, rename it "Makefile" and type make. The
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# project directory is expected to contain an .ino or .pde file, which
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# will automatically be used automatically, along with any other .c,
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# .cc or .cpp files in the project directory and any subdirectory
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# named "utility". In this way, this makefile should act as a drop-in
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# replacement for the Arduino IDE's build process and can build a
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# project automatically from the files in a project directory.
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# Alternatively, you can manually specify what files should be
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# inclided in a build. To use this makefile manually, you might be
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# better to keep it somewhere and include it in your project's
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# Makefile after having defined certain parameters that control the
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# build. As an example, consider the following Makefile:
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# SOURCES = main.cc foo.cc
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# SERIALDEV = /dev/ttyACM0
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# include ~/src/arduino.mk
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# In both manual and automatic modes, the standard Arduino main.cpp's
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# main() is included, which expects to be able to call init() and
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# loop() in your code. The main difference is that, in manual mode,
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# these would typically be placed in a .cc or .cpp file.
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# When using manual mode, the following variables can be used:
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# TARGET The name of the target file. This is typically the same name
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# as the project directory for an arduino project and, if
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# unspecified, that is used as a default.
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# SOURCES A list of all source files of whatever language. The language
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# type is determined by the file extension.
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# BOARD Specify a target board type. These are defined in boards.txt,
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# which came with your arduino installation. If unspecified,
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# a default is used. (See below).
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# SERIALDEV The unix device name of the device where the arduino can be
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# found. If unspecified, a default is used. (See below).
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# This general-purpose makefile also defines the following goals for use on the
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# command line when you run make:
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# all This is the default if no goal is specified. It builds the
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# target and uploads it.
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# This is a general purpose makefile for use with Arduino hardware and
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# software. It works with the arduino-1.0 release and requires that
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# software to be downloaded separately (see http://arduino.cc/). To
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# download the latest version of this makefile, visit the following
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# website, where you can also find more information and documentation
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# on it's use. The following text can only really be considered a
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# reference to it's use.
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# http://ed.am/dev/make/arduino-makefile
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# To install, it is suggested that you keep arduino.mk somewhere and
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# either symlink to it or include it in your make files. I keep mine
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# at ~/src/arduino.mk. You will need to alter the value of the
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# ARDUINODIR variable (below) to be the path where you have unpacked
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# the arduino software from arduino.cc.
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# This makefile can be used as a drop-in replacement for the Arduino
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# IDE's build system. Simply create a symlink to it under the name
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# "Makefile" and run make (remembering to specify an ARDUINODIR and
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# BOARD, as described below). You would create the symlink like like
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# $ ln -s ~/src/arduino.mk Makefile
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# The presence of a .ino or .pde file causes the arduino.mk to
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# atuomatically determine va;ues for SOURCES, TARGET and LIBRARIES.
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# Any .c, .cc and .cpp files in the project directory (or a "util" or
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# "utility" subdirectory) are automatically included in the build and
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# are scanned for libraries that have been #included.
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# Alternatively, if you want to manually specify build variables,
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# create a Makefile that defines SOURCES and LIBRARARIES and then
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# includes arduino.mk. (There is no need to define TARGET). You will
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# also be expected to provide a main() function, for example in
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# main.cc, which may or may not duplicate the functionality of the
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# default main() that calls init() and loop(). Here is an example
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# SOURCES := main.cc foo.cc
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# include ~/src/arduino.mk
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# A complete list of all the settings you can use in your Makefile
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# follows shortly. It should be noted, however, that some variables
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# are better specified in the environment (or on the command line)
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# than in your Makefile. Specifically, the ARDUINODIR, BOARD and, if
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# it is not automatically detected, SERIALDEV.
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# When running make, you might want to specify the board and path to
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# your installation of the arduino software, like this:
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# $ export ARDUINODIR=~/opt/arduino-1.0
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# $ export BOARD=pro5v
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# For a list of available board types, run `make boards`.
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# Here is a complete list of configuration parameters:
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# ARDUINODIR The path where you have installed/unpacked the arduino
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# software (from http://arduino.cc/)
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# BOARD Specify a target board type.
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# SERIALDEV The unix device of the device where the arduino can be
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# found. If unspecified, an attempt is made to determine
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# the name of a connected arduino's serial device.
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# TARGET The name of the target file. This is set automatically
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# if a .ino or .pde is found, but it is not neccesary to
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# SOURCES A list of all source files of whatever language. The
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# language type is determined by the file extension.
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# This is set automatically if a .ino or .pde is found.
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# LIBRARIES A list of arduino libraries to build and include. This
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# is set automatically if a .ino or .pde is found.
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# This general-purpose makefile also defines the following goals for
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# use on the command line when you run make:
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# all This is the default if no goal is specified. It builds
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# the target and uploads it.
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# target Builds the target of your Makefile.
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# clean Deletes temporary files.
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# <file> Builds the specified file, either an object file or the target,
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# from those that that would be built for the project.
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# <file> Builds the specified file, either an object file or the
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# target, from those that that would be built for the
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# boards This is not a real goal. It just displays a list of
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# available board names, so that you can set the BOARD
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# environment variable appropriately.
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# monitor This is not a real goal. It starts screen on the serial
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# device. It is ment to be an equivelant to the arduino
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#_______________________________________________________________________________
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# The full path to the arduino software
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# The full path to the arduino software, from arduino.cc
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ARDUINODIR := $(wildcard ~/opt/arduino-1.0)
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# The board name to build for and upload to. For a complete list of available
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# boards, see hardware/arduino/boards.txt in your arduino software directory.
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# Here is a list of available boards at time of writing:
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# atmega328 Arduino Duemilanove w/ ATmega328
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# diecimila Arduino Diecimila or Duemilanove w/ ATmega168
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# nano328 Arduino Nano w/ ATmega328
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# nano Arduino Nano w/ ATmega168
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# mega2560 Arduino Mega 2560 or Mega ADK
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# mega Arduino Mega (ATmega1280)
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# mini328 Arduino Mini w/ ATmega328
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# mini Arduino Mini w/ ATmega168
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# bt328 Arduino BT w/ ATmega328
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# bt Arduino BT w/ ATmega168
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# lilypad328 LilyPad Arduino w/ ATmega328
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# lilypad LilyPad Arduino w/ ATmega168
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# pro5v328 Arduino Pro or Pro Mini (5V, 16 MHz) w/ ATmega328
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# pro5v Arduino Pro or Pro Mini (5V, 16 MHz) w/ ATmega168
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# pro328 Arduino Pro or Pro Mini (3.3V, 8 MHz) w/ ATmega328
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# pro Arduino Pro or Pro Mini (3.3V, 8 MHz) w/ ATmega168
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# atmega168 Arduino NG or older w/ ATmega168
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# atmega8 Arduino NG or older w/ ATmega8
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# The name of the serial device that the arduino is at. For example,
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# /dev/ttyACM0 (Uno), or /dev/ttyUSB0 (Duemilanove)
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SERIALDEV := /dev/ttyACM0
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#_______________________________________________________________________________
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# check arduino software
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ifeq ($(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt), )
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$(error ARDUINODIR is not set correctly; arduino software not found)
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INOFILE := $(wildcard *.ino *.pde)
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ifneq ($(words $(INOFILE)), 1)
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$(error You can only have one .pde or .ino file in the directory)
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$(error There is more than one .pde or .ino file in this directory!)
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TARGET := $(basename $(INOFILE))
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SOURCES := $(INOFILE) \
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$(wildcard *.c *.cc *.cpp $(addprefix utility/, *.c *.cc *.cpp))
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$(wildcard *.c *.cc *.cpp) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix util/, *.c *.cc *.cpp)) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix utility/, *.c *.cc *.cpp))
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# automatically determine included libraries
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ARDUINOLIBSAVAIL := $(notdir $(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*))
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LIBRARIES := $(filter $(ARDUINOLIBSAVAIL), \
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$(shell sed -ne "s/^ *\# *include *[<\"]\(.*\)\.h[>\"]/\1/p" $(SOURCES)))
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# no target? use default
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# no serial device? attempt to detect an arduino
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ifeq ($(SERIALDEV), )
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SERIALDEV := $(firstword $(wildcard /dev/ttyACM? /dev/ttyUSB?))
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# no board? oh dear...
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ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
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ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
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$(error BOARD is unset. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
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OBJECTS := $(addsuffix .o, $(basename $(SOURCES)))
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ARDUINOSRCDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
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ARDUINOLIBSDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries
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ARDUINOLIB := _arduino.a
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ARDUINOLIBTMP := _arduino.a.tmp
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ARDUINOSOURCES := $(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/, *.c *.cpp))
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ARDUINOOBJECTS := $(addsuffix .o, $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/, $(basename \
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$(subst $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/,,$(ARDUINOSOURCES)))))
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ARDUINOLIBOBJS := $(patsubst %, $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o, $(basename $(notdir \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/, *.c *.cpp)))))
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ARDUINOLIBOBJS += $(foreach lib, $(LIBRARIES), \
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$(patsubst %, $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o, $(basename $(notdir \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBSDIR)/$(lib)/, *.c *.cpp)) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBSDIR)/$(lib)/utility/, *.c *.cpp)) ))))
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# obtain parameters from the arduino boards.txt file
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# obtain board parameters from the arduino boards.txt file
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BOARDS_FILE := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt
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BOARD_BUILD_MCU := \
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$(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.mcu=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
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#_______________________________________________________________________________
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.PHONY: all target upload clean
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.PHONY: all target upload clean boards monitor
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all: target upload
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target: $(TARGET).elf
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target: $(TARGET).hex
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@test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { echo "SERIALDEV is unset." >&2; exit 1; }
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stty -F $(SERIALDEV) hupcl
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$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex -R .eeprom $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).hex
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$(AVRDUDE) $(ARVDUDEFLAGS) -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
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$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex:i
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rm -f $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).hex $(ARDUINOLIB) *~
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rm -rf $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
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@echo Available values for BOARD:
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@sed -ne '/^#/d;s/^\(.*\).name=\(.*\)/\1 \2/;T' \
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-e 's/\(.\{12\}\) *\(.*\)/\1 \2/;p' $(BOARDS_FILE)
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@test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { echo "SERIALDEV is unset." >&2; exit 1; }
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# building the target
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$(TARGET).hex: $(TARGET).elf
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$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex -R .eeprom $< $@
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.INTERMEDIATE: $(TARGET).elf
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$(TARGET).elf: $(ARDUINOLIB) $(OBJECTS)
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$(CC) -Os -Wl,--gc-sections $(OBJECTS) $(ARDUINOLIB) -o $@
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$(CC) $(LINKFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(ARDUINOLIB) -o $@
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$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ -x c++ -include $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/Arduino.h $<