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# This is a general purpose makefile for use with Arduino hardware and
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# software. It works with the arduino-1.0 software release. To download the
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# latest version of this makefile, visit the following website, where you can
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# also find more information and documentation on it's use. The following text
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# can only really be considered a reference to it's use.
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# software. It works with the arduino-1.0 release and requires that software
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# to be downloaded separately (see http://arduino.cc/). To download the latest
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# version of this makefile, visit the following website, where you can also
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# find more information and documentation on it's use. The following text can
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# only really be considered a reference to it's use.
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# http://ed.am/dev/make/arduino-mk
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# To install, it is suggested that you keep arduino.mk somewhere and either
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# symlink to it or include it in your make files. I keep mine at
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# ~/src/arduino.mk. You will need to alter the value of the ARDUINODIR
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# variable (below) to be the path where you have unpacked the arduino software
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# This makefile can be used as a drop-in replacement for the Arduino IDE's
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# build system. To use it, save arduino.mk somewhere (I keep mine at
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# ~/src/arduino.mk) and create a symlink to it in your project directory named
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# "Makefile". For example:
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# build system. Simply create a symlink to it under the name "Makefile" and
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# run make (remembering to specify an ARDUINODIR and BOARD, as described
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# below). You would create the symlink like like so:
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# $ ln -s ~/src/arduino.mk Makefile
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# The Arduino software (version 1.0 or later) is required. If you are using
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# Debian (or a derivative), type `apt-get install arduino`. Otherwise, you
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# will have to download the Arduino software manually from http://arduino.cc/.
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# It is suggested that you install it at ~/opt/arduino if you are unsure.
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# If you downloaded the Arduino software manually and unpacked it somewhere
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# other than ~/opt/arduino, you will need to set up ARDUINODIR to be the path
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# where you unpacked it. (If unset, ARDUINODIR defaults to ~/opt/arduino and
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# then /usr/share/arduino, in that order.) You might be best to set this in
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# your ~/.profile by adding something like this:
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# export ARDUINODIR=~/somewhere/arduino-1.0
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# You will also need to set BOARD to the type of Arduino you're building for.
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# Type `make boards` for a list of acceptable values. You could set a default
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# in your ~/.profile if you want, but it is suggested that you specify this at
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# build time, especially if you work with different types of Arduino. For
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# You may also need to set SERIALDEV if it is not detected correctly.
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# The presence of a .ino (or .pde) file causes the arduino.mk to automatically
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# determine values for SOURCES, TARGET and LIBRARIES. Any .c, .cc and .cpp
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# files in the project directory (or any "util" or "utility" subdirectories)
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# are automatically included in the build and are scanned for Arduino libraries
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# that have been #included. Note, there can only be one .ino (or .pde) file.
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# The presence of a .ino or .pde file causes the arduino.mk to atuomatically
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# determine va;ues for SOURCES, TARGET and LIBRARIES. Any .c, .cc and .cpp
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# files in the project directory (or a "util" or "utility" subdirectory) are
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# automatically included in the build and are scanned for libraries that have
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# Alternatively, if you want to manually specify build variables, create a
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# Makefile that defines SOURCES and LIBRARIES and then includes arduino.mk.
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# (There is no need to define TARGET). Here is an example Makefile:
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# Makefile that defines SOURCES and LIBRARARIES and then includes arduino.mk.
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# (There is no need to define TARGET). You will also be expected to provide a
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# main() function, for example in main.cc, which may or may not duplicate the
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# functionality of the default main() that calls init() and loop(). Here is an
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# SOURCES := main.cc other.cc
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# SOURCES := main.cc foo.cc
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# LIBRARIES := EEPROM
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# include ~/src/arduino.mk
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# A complete list of all the settings you can use in your Makefile follows
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# shortly. It should be noted, however, that some variables are better
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# specified in the environment (or on the command line) than in your Makefile.
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# Specifically, the ARDUINODIR, BOARD and, if it is not automatically detected,
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# When running make, you might want to specify the board and path to your
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# installation of the arduino software, like this:
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# $ export ARDUINODIR=~/opt/arduino
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# $ export BOARD=pro5v
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# For a list of available board types, run `make boards`.
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# Here is a complete list of configuration parameters:
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# ARDUINODIR The path where the Arduino software is installed on your system.
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# ARDUINOCONST The Arduino software version, as an integer, used to define the
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# ARDUINO version constant. This defaults to 100 if undefined.
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# AVRDUDECONF The avrdude.conf to use. If undefined, this defaults to a guess
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# based on where the avrdude in use is. If empty, no avrdude.conf
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# is passed to avrdude (to the system default is used).
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# AVRTOOLSPATH A space-separated list of directories to search in order when
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# looking for the avr build tools. This defaults to the system PATH
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# followed by subdirectories in ARDUINODIR if undefined.
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# BOARD Specify a target board type. Run `make boards` to see available
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# LIBRARIES A list of Arduino libraries to build and include. This is set
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# automatically if a .ino (or .pde) is found.
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# SERIALDEV The unix device name of the serial device that is the Arduino.
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# ARDUINODIR The path where you have installed/unpacked the arduino software
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# (from http://arduino.cc/)
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# BOARD Specify a target board type.
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# SERIALDEV The unix device of the device where the arduino can be found.
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# If unspecified, an attempt is made to determine the name of a
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# connected Arduino's serial device.
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# connected arduino's serial device.
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# TARGET The name of the target file. This is set automatically if a
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# .ino or .pde is found, but it is not neccesary to set it
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# SOURCES A list of all source files of whatever language. The language
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# type is determined by the file extension. This is set
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# automatically if a .ino (or .pde) is found.
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# TARGET The name of the target file. This is set automatically if a
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# .ino (or .pde) is found, but it is not necessary to set it
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# This makefile also defines the following goals for use on the command line
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# all This is the default if no goal is specified. It builds the
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# automatically if a .ino or .pde is found.
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# LIBRARIES A list of arduino libraries to build and include. This is set
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# automatically if a .ino or .pde is found.
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# This general-purpose makefile also defines the following goals for
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# use on the command line when you run make:
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# all This is the default if no goal is specified. It builds the
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# target and uploads it.
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# target Builds the target.
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# upload Uploads the last built target to an attached Arduino.
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# clean Deletes files created during the build.
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# target Builds the target of your Makefile.
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# upload Uploads the target to an attached arduino.
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# clean Deletes temporary files.
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# boards Display a list of available board names, so that you can set the
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# BOARD environment variable appropriately.
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# monitor Start `screen` on the serial device. This is meant to be an
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# equivalent to the Arduino serial monitor.
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# size Displays size information about the bulit target.
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# monitor Start `screen` on the serial device. It is ment to be an
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# equivelant to the arduino serial monitor.
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# <file> Builds the specified file, either an object file or the target,
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# from those that that would be built for the project.
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#_______________________________________________________________________________
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# default arduino software directory, check software exists
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# The full path to the arduino software, from arduino.cc
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ifndef ARDUINODIR
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ARDUINODIR := $(firstword $(wildcard ~/opt/arduino /usr/share/arduino))
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ARDUINODIR := $(wildcard ~/opt/arduino)
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ifeq "$(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt)" ""
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# check arduino software
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ifeq ($(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt), )
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$(error ARDUINODIR is not set correctly; arduino software not found)
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# default arduino version
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# default path for avr tools
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AVRTOOLSPATH := $(subst :, , $(PATH))
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AVRTOOLSPATH += $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools
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AVRTOOLSPATH += $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin
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INOFILE := $(wildcard *.ino *.pde)
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ifneq "$(words $(INOFILE))" "1"
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ifneq ($(words $(INOFILE)), 1)
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$(error There is more than one .pde or .ino file in this directory!)
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# automatically determine sources and targeet
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TARGET := $(basename $(INOFILE))
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SOURCES := $(INOFILE) \
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$(wildcard *.c *.cc *.cpp) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix util/, *.c *.cc *.cpp)) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix utility/, *.c *.cc *.cpp))
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# automatically determine included libraries
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ARDUINOLIBSAVAIL := $(notdir $(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*))
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LIBRARIES := $(filter $(ARDUINOLIBSAVAIL), \
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$(shell sed -ne "s/^ *\# *include *[<\"]\(.*\)\.h[>\"]/\1/p" $(SOURCES)))
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# no serial device? make a poor attempt to detect an arduino
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ifeq "$(SERIALDEV)" ""
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SERIALDEV := $(firstword $(wildcard \
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/dev/ttyACM? /dev/ttyUSB? /dev/tty.usbmodem*))
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findsoftware = $(firstword $(wildcard $(addsuffix /$(1), $(AVRTOOLSPATH))))
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CC := $(call findsoftware,avr-gcc)
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CXX := $(call findsoftware,avr-g++)
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LD := $(call findsoftware,avr-ld)
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AR := $(call findsoftware,avr-ar)
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OBJCOPY := $(call findsoftware,avr-objcopy)
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AVRDUDE := $(call findsoftware,avrdude)
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AVRSIZE := $(call findsoftware,avr-size)
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# no target? use default
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# no serial device? attempt to detect an arduino
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SERIALDEV := $(firstword $(wildcard /dev/ttyACM? /dev/ttyUSB?))
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# no board? oh dear...
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ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
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ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
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$(error BOARD is unset. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
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TARGET := $(if $(TARGET),$(TARGET),a.out)
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OBJECTS := $(addsuffix .o, $(basename $(SOURCES)))
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ARDUINOSRCDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
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ARDUINOLIBSDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries
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ARDUINOLIB := _arduino.a
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ARDUINOLIBTMP := $(ARDUINOLIB).tmp
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ARDUINOLIBTMP := _arduino.a.tmp
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ARDUINOLIBOBJS := $(patsubst %, $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o, $(basename $(notdir \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/, *.c *.cpp)))))
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ARDUINOLIBOBJS += $(foreach lib, $(LIBRARIES), \
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$(patsubst %, $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o, $(basename $(notdir \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBSDIR)/$(lib)/, *.c *.cpp)) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBSDIR)/$(lib)/utility/, *.c *.cpp)) ))))
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ifeq "$(AVRDUDECONF)" ""
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ifeq "$(AVRDUDE)" "$(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin/avrdude"
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AVRDUDECONF := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf
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AVRDUDECONF := $(wildcard $(AVRDUDE).conf)
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ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
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ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
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$(error BOARD is unset. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
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$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/$(lib)/, *.c *.cpp))))))
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# obtain board parameters from the arduino boards.txt file
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BOARDS_FILE := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt