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# This is a general purpose makefile for use with Arduino hardware and
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# software. It works with the arduino-1.0 and later software releases. It
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# should work GNU/Linux and OS X. To download the latest version of this
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# makefile visit the following website where you can also find documentation on
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# it's use. (The following text can only really be considered a reference.)
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# software. It works with the arduino-1.0 release and requires that software
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# to be downloaded separately (see http://arduino.cc/). To download the latest
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# version of this makefile, visit the following website, where you can also
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# find more information and documentation on it's use. The following text can
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# only really be considered a reference to it's use.
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# http://ed.am/dev/make/arduino-mk
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# This makefile can be used as a drop-in replacement for the Arduino IDE's
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# build system. To use it, just copy arduino.mk in to your project directory.
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# Or, you could save it somewhere (I keep mine at ~/src/arduino.mk) and create
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# a symlink to it in your project directory, named "Makefile". For example:
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# build system. To use it, save arduino.mk somewhere (I keep mine at
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# ~/src/arduino.mk) and create a symlink to it in your project directory named
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# "Makefile". For example:
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# $ ln -s ~/src/arduino.mk Makefile
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# The Arduino software (version 1.0 or later) is required. On GNU/Linux you
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# can probably install the software from your package manager. If you are
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# using Debian (or a derivative), try `apt-get install arduino`. Otherwise,
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# you can download the Arduino software manually from http://arduino.cc/. It
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# is suggested that you install it at ~/opt/arduino (or /Applications on OS X)
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# If you downloaded the Arduino software manually and unpacked it somewhere
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# other than ~/opt/arduino (or /Applications), you will need to set up the
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# ARDUINODIR environment variable to be the path where you unpacked it. (If
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# unset, ARDUINODIR defaults to some sensible places). You could set this in
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# You also need to set up a couple of environment variables. ARDUINODIR should
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# be set to the path where you unpacked the arduino software from arduino.cc
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# (it defaults to ~/opt/arduino if unset). You might be best to set this in
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# your ~/.profile by adding something like this:
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# export ARDUINODIR=~/somewhere/arduino-1.0
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# For each project, you will also need to set BOARD to the type of Arduino
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# you're building for. Type `make boards` for a list of acceptable values.
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# You will also need to set BOARD to the type of arduino you're using. This
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# can be done when running make (or you could set a default in ~/.profile and
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# override it as necessary). For example:
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# $ export BOARD=uno
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# determine values for SOURCES, TARGET and LIBRARIES. Any .c, .cc and .cpp
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# files in the project directory (or any "util" or "utility" subdirectories)
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# are automatically included in the build and are scanned for Arduino libraries
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# that have been #included. Note, there can only be one .ino (or .pde) file in
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# a project directory and if you want to be compatible with the Arduino IDE, it
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# should be called the same as the directory name.
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# that have been #included. Note, there can only be one .ino (or .pde) file.
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# Alternatively, if you want to manually specify build variables, create a
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# Makefile that defines SOURCES and LIBRARIES and then includes arduino.mk.
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# (There is no need to define TARGET). You can also specify the BOARD here, if
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# the project has a specific one. Here is an example Makefile:
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# (There is no need to define TARGET). Here is an example Makefile:
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# SOURCES := main.cc other.cc
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# LIBRARIES := EEPROM
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# include ~/src/arduino.mk
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# Here is a complete list of configuration parameters:
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# ARDUINODIR The path where the Arduino software is installed on your system.
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# ARDUINOCONST The Arduino software version, as an integer, used to define the
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# ARDUINO version constant. This defaults to 100 if undefined.
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# AVRDUDECONF The avrdude.conf to use. If undefined, this defaults to a guess
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# based on where avrdude is. If set empty, no avrdude.conf is
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# passed to avrdude (so the system default is used).
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# AVRDUDEFLAGS Specify any additional flags for avrdude. The usual flags,
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# required to build the project, will be appended to this.
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# AVRTOOLSPATH A space-separated list of directories that is searched in order
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# when looking for the avr build tools. This defaults to PATH,
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# followed by subdirectories in ARDUINODIR.
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# ARDUINODIR The path where you have installed/unpacked the arduino software
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# (from http://arduino.cc/)
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# ARDUINOCONST The arduino software version, as an integer, used to define the
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# ARDUINO version constant. This defaults to 100 if unset.
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# AVRTOOLSPATH A space-separated list of directories to search in order when
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# lookin for the avr build tools. This defaults to the system PATH
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# followed by subdirectories in ARDUINODIR if unset.
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# BOARD Specify a target board type. Run `make boards` to see available
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# CPPFLAGS Specify any additional flags for the compiler. The usual flags,
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# required to build the project, will be appended to this.
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# LINKFLAGS Specify any additional flags for the linker. The usual flags,
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# required to build the project, will be appended to this.
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# LIBRARIES A list of Arduino libraries to build and include. This is set
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# LIBRARIES A list of arduino libraries to build and include. This is set
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# automatically if a .ino (or .pde) is found.
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# LIBRARYPATH A space-separated list of directories that is searched in order
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# when looking for Arduino libraries. This defaults to "libs",
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# "libraries" (in the project directory), then your sketchbook
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# "libraries" directory, then the Arduino libraries directory.
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# SERIALDEV The POSIX device name of the serial device that is the Arduino.
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# If unspecified, an attempt is made to guess the name of a
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# connected Arduino's serial device, which may work in some cases.
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# SERIALDEV The unix device name of the serial device that is the arduino.
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# If unspecified, an attempt is made to determine the name of a
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# connected arduino's serial device.
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# SOURCES A list of all source files of whatever language. The language
127
99
# type is determined by the file extension. This is set
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138
ARDUINOCONST ?= 100
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# default path for avr tools
176
AVRTOOLSPATH ?= $(subst :, , $(PATH)) $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools \
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$(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin
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# default path to find libraries
180
LIBRARYPATH ?= libraries libs $(SKETCHBOOKDIR)/libraries $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries
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# default serial device to a poor guess (something that might be an arduino)
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SERIALDEV := $(firstword $(wildcard \
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/dev/ttyACM? /dev/ttyUSB? /dev/tty.usbserial* /dev/tty.usbmodem*))
192
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
193
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
194
$(error BOARD is unset. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
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# obtain board parameters from the arduino boards.txt file
200
BOARDSFILE := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt
201
readboardsparam = $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).$(1)=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDSFILE))
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BOARD_BUILD_MCU := $(call readboardsparam,build.mcu)
203
BOARD_BUILD_FCPU := $(call readboardsparam,build.f_cpu)
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BOARD_BUILD_VARIANT := $(call readboardsparam,build.variant)
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BOARD_UPLOAD_SPEED := $(call readboardsparam,upload.speed)
206
BOARD_UPLOAD_PROTOCOL := $(call readboardsparam,upload.protocol)
207
BOARD_USB_VID := $(call readboardsparam,build.vid)
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BOARD_USB_PID := $(call readboardsparam,build.pid)
209
BOARD_BOOTLOADER_UNLOCK := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.unlock_bits)
210
BOARD_BOOTLOADER_LOCK := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.lock_bits)
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BOARD_BOOTLOADER_LFUSES := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.low_fuses)
212
BOARD_BOOTLOADER_HFUSES := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.high_fuses)
213
BOARD_BOOTLOADER_EFUSES := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.extended_fuses)
214
BOARD_BOOTLOADER_PATH := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.path)
215
BOARD_BOOTLOADER_FILE := $(call readboardsparam,bootloader.file)
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# obtain preferences from the IDE's preferences.txt
218
PREFERENCESFILE := $(firstword $(wildcard \
219
$(HOME)/.arduino/preferences.txt $(HOME)/Library/Arduino/preferences.txt))
220
ifneq "$(PREFERENCESFILE)" ""
221
readpreferencesparam = $(shell sed -ne "s/$(1)=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(PREFERENCESFILE))
222
SKETCHBOOKDIR := $(call readpreferencesparam,sketchbook.path)
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ifeq "$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)" ""
227
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
228
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
229
$(error BOARD is invalid. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
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AVRTOOLSPATH := $(subst :, , $(PATH))
143
AVRTOOLSPATH += $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools
144
AVRTOOLSPATH += $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin
235
148
INOFILE := $(wildcard *.ino *.pde)
237
ifneq "$(words $(INOFILE))" "1"
150
ifneq ($(words $(INOFILE)), 1)
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$(error There is more than one .pde or .ino file in this directory!)
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# automatically determine sources and targeet
242
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TARGET := $(basename $(INOFILE))
243
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SOURCES := $(INOFILE) \
244
$(wildcard *.c *.cc *.cpp *.C) \
245
$(wildcard $(addprefix util/, *.c *.cc *.cpp *.C)) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix utility/, *.c *.cc *.cpp *.C))
157
$(wildcard *.c *.cc *.cpp) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix util/, *.c *.cc *.cpp)) \
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$(wildcard $(addprefix utility/, *.c *.cc *.cpp))
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# automatically determine included libraries
249
LIBRARIES := $(filter $(notdir $(wildcard $(addsuffix /*, $(LIBRARYPATH)))), \
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ARDUINOLIBSAVAIL := $(notdir $(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*))
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LIBRARIES := $(filter $(ARDUINOLIBSAVAIL), \
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$(shell sed -ne "s/^ *\# *include *[<\"]\(.*\)\.h[>\"]/\1/p" $(SOURCES)))
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# no board? oh dear...
170
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
171
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
172
$(error BOARD is unset. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
177
# no serial device? make a poor attempt to detect an arduino
178
ifeq ($(SERIALDEV), )
179
SERIALDEV := $(firstword $(wildcard /dev/ttyACM? /dev/ttyUSB?))
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findsoftware = $(firstword $(wildcard $(addsuffix /$(1), $(AVRTOOLSPATH))))
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CC := $(call findsoftware,avr-gcc)
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AR := $(call findsoftware,avr-ar)
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OBJCOPY := $(call findsoftware,avr-objcopy)
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AVRDUDE := $(call findsoftware,avrdude)
262
AVRSIZE := $(call findsoftware,avr-size)
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ARDUINOCOREDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
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LIBRARYDIRS := $(foreach lib, $(LIBRARIES), \
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$(firstword $(wildcard $(addsuffix /$(lib), $(LIBRARYPATH)))))
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LIBRARYDIRS += $(addsuffix /utility, $(LIBRARYDIRS))
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TARGET := $(if $(TARGET),$(TARGET),a.out)
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TARGET := $(if $(TARGET), $(TARGET), a.out)
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OBJECTS := $(addsuffix .o, $(basename $(SOURCES)))
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DEPFILES := $(patsubst %, .dep/%.dep, $(SOURCES))
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ARDUINOLIB := .lib/arduino.a
275
ARDUINOLIBOBJS := $(foreach dir, $(ARDUINOCOREDIR) $(LIBRARYDIRS), \
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$(patsubst %, .lib/%.o, $(wildcard $(addprefix $(dir)/, *.c *.cpp))))
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BOOTLOADERHEX := $(addprefix \
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$(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_PATH)/, \
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$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_FILE))
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# avrdude confifuration
282
ifeq "$(AVRDUDECONF)" ""
283
ifeq "$(AVRDUDE)" "$(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin/avrdude"
284
AVRDUDECONF := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf
194
ARDUINOSRCDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
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ARDUINOLIBSDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries
196
ARDUINOLIB := _arduino.a
197
ARDUINOLIBTMP := $(ARDUINOLIB).tmp
198
ARDUINOLIBOBJS := $(patsubst %, $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o, $(basename $(notdir \
199
$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/, *.c *.cpp)))))
200
ARDUINOLIBOBJS += $(foreach lib, $(LIBRARIES), \
201
$(patsubst %, $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o, $(basename $(notdir \
202
$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBSDIR)/$(lib)/, *.c *.cpp)) \
203
$(wildcard $(addprefix $(ARDUINOLIBSDIR)/$(lib)/utility/, *.c *.cpp)) ))))
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204
AVRDUDECONF := $(wildcard $(AVRDUDE).conf)
206
# obtain board parameters from the arduino boards.txt file
207
BOARDS_FILE := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt
209
$(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.mcu=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
210
BOARD_BUILD_FCPU := \
211
$(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.f_cpu=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
212
BOARD_BUILD_VARIANT := \
213
$(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.variant=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
214
BOARD_UPLOAD_SPEED := \
215
$(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).upload.speed=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
216
BOARD_UPLOAD_PROTOCOL := \
217
$(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).upload.protocol=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
291
CPPFLAGS += -Os -Wall -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
220
CPPFLAGS := -Os -Wall -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
292
221
CPPFLAGS += -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fpack-struct -fshort-enums
293
222
CPPFLAGS += -mmcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)
294
223
CPPFLAGS += -DF_CPU=$(BOARD_BUILD_FCPU) -DARDUINO=$(ARDUINOCONST)
295
CPPFLAGS += -DUSB_VID=$(BOARD_USB_VID) -DUSB_PID=$(BOARD_USB_PID)
296
CPPFLAGS += -I. -Iutil -Iutility -I $(ARDUINOCOREDIR)
297
CPPFLAGS += -I $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/variants/$(BOARD_BUILD_VARIANT)/
298
CPPFLAGS += $(addprefix -I , $(LIBRARYDIRS))
299
CPPDEPFLAGS = -MMD -MP -MF .dep/$<.dep
300
CPPINOFLAGS := -x c++ -include $(ARDUINOCOREDIR)/Arduino.h
301
AVRDUDEFLAGS += $(addprefix -C , $(AVRDUDECONF)) -DV
224
CPPFLAGS += -I. -Iutil -Iutility -I$(ARDUINOSRCDIR)
225
CPPFLAGS += -I$(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/variants/$(BOARD_BUILD_VARIANT)/
226
CPPFLAGS += $(addprefix -I$(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/, $(LIBRARIES))
227
CPPFLAGS += $(patsubst %, -I$(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/%/utility, $(LIBRARIES))
228
AVRDUDEFLAGS := $(addprefix -C , $(AVRDUDECONF)) -DV
302
229
AVRDUDEFLAGS += -p $(BOARD_BUILD_MCU) -P $(SERIALDEV)
303
230
AVRDUDEFLAGS += -c $(BOARD_UPLOAD_PROTOCOL) -b $(BOARD_UPLOAD_SPEED)
304
LINKFLAGS += -Os -Wl,--gc-sections -mmcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)
306
# figure out which arg to use with stty (for OS X, GNU and busybox stty)
307
STTYFARG := $(shell stty --help 2>&1 | \
308
grep -q 'illegal option' && echo -f || echo -F)
310
# include dependencies
311
ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
231
LINKFLAGS := -Os -Wl,--gc-sections -mmcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)
316
234
.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
318
236
#_______________________________________________________________________________
321
.PHONY: all target upload clean boards monitor size bootloader
239
.PHONY: all target upload clean boards monitor
325
243
target: $(TARGET).hex
328
246
@echo "\nUploading to board..."
329
247
@test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { \
330
248
echo "error: SERIALDEV could not be determined automatically." >&2; \
332
@test 0 -eq $(SERIALDEVGUESS) || { \
333
echo "*GUESSING* at serial device:" $(SERIALDEV); \
335
ifeq "$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_PATH)" "caterina"
336
stty $(STTYFARG) $(SERIALDEV) speed 1200
339
stty $(STTYFARG) $(SERIALDEV) hupcl
250
stty -F $(SERIALDEV) hupcl
341
251
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex:i
345
255
rm -f $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).hex $(ARDUINOLIB) *~
256
rm -rf $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
349
@echo "Available values for BOARD:"
350
@sed -nEe '/^#/d; /^[^.]+\.name=/p' $(BOARDSFILE) | \
351
sed -Ee 's/([^.]+)\.name=(.*)/\1 \2/' \
352
-e 's/(.{12}) *(.*)/\1 \2/'
259
@echo Available values for BOARD:
260
@sed -ne '/^#/d;s/^\(.*\).name=\(.*\)/\1 \2/;T' \
261
-e 's/\(.\{12\}\) *\(.*\)/\1 \2/;p' $(BOARDS_FILE)
355
264
@test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { \
358
267
@test -n `which screen` || { \
359
268
echo "error: can't find GNU screen, you might need to install it." >&2 \
361
@test 0 -eq $(SERIALDEVGUESS) || { \
362
echo "*GUESSING* at serial device:" $(SERIALDEV); \
364
270
screen $(SERIALDEV)
367
echo && $(AVRSIZE) --format=avr --mcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU) $(TARGET).elf
370
@echo "Burning bootloader to board..."
371
@test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { \
372
echo "error: SERIALDEV could not be determined automatically." >&2; \
374
@test 0 -eq $(SERIALDEVGUESS) || { \
375
echo "*GUESSING* at serial device:" $(SERIALDEV); \
377
stty $(STTYFARG) $(SERIALDEV) hupcl
378
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U lock:w:$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_UNLOCK):m
379
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -eU lfuse:w:$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_LFUSES):m
380
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U hfuse:w:$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_HFUSES):m
381
ifneq "$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_EFUSES)" ""
382
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U efuse:w:$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_EFUSES):m
384
ifneq "$(BOOTLOADERHEX)" ""
385
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U flash:w:$(BOOTLOADERHEX):i
387
$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U lock:w:$(BOARD_BOOTLOADER_LOCK):m
389
272
# building the target
391
274
$(TARGET).hex: $(TARGET).elf
394
277
.INTERMEDIATE: $(TARGET).elf
396
279
$(TARGET).elf: $(ARDUINOLIB) $(OBJECTS)
397
$(CC) $(LINKFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(ARDUINOLIB) -lm -o $@
400
mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
401
$(COMPILE.c) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
404
mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
405
$(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
408
mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
409
$(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
412
mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
413
$(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
280
$(CC) $(LINKFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(ARDUINOLIB) -o $@
416
mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
417
$(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $(CPPINOFLAGS) $<
283
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ -x c++ -include $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/Arduino.h $<
420
mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
421
$(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $(CPPINOFLAGS) $<
286
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ -x c++ -include $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/Arduino.h $<
423
288
# building the arduino library
425
290
$(ARDUINOLIB): $(ARDUINOLIBOBJS)
430
$(COMPILE.c) -o $@ $<
434
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
438
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
442
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
292
rm -rf $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
294
.INTERMEDIATE: $(ARDUINOLIBOBJS)
296
$(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o: $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/%.c
297
@test -d $(ARDUINOLIBTMP) || mkdir $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
298
$(COMPILE.c) -o $@ $<
300
$(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o: $(ARDUINOSRCDIR)/%.cpp
301
@test -d $(ARDUINOLIBTMP) || mkdir $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
302
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
304
$(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o: $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*/%.c
305
@test -d $(ARDUINOLIBTMP) || mkdir $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
306
$(COMPILE.c) -o $@ $<
308
$(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o: $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*/%.cpp
309
@test -d $(ARDUINOLIBTMP) || mkdir $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
310
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
312
$(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o: $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*/utility/%.c
313
@test -d $(ARDUINOLIBTMP) || mkdir $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
314
$(COMPILE.c) -o $@ $<
316
$(ARDUINOLIBTMP)/%.o: $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*/utility/%.cpp
317
@test -d $(ARDUINOLIBTMP) || mkdir $(ARDUINOLIBTMP)
318
$(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<